What is a survey and when is it required in real estate?

A survey is a professional measurement and mapping of a property's boundaries, dimensions, area, and physical features by a licensed surveyor. Surveys are required by most lenders before issuing a mortgage to verify that the legal description matches the physical property and to identify encroachments, easements, or boundary disputes. A survey reveals whether structures are within required setback lines and whether any improvements extend onto neighboring land. Title insurance companies also rely on surveys to identify risks.