What is a comprehensive plan and how does it relate to zoning?

A comprehensive plan, also called a master plan or general plan, is a long-range document adopted by a local government that guides future development and land use decisions for the entire jurisdiction. It addresses land use patterns, transportation, housing, public facilities, parks, environmental protection, and economic development. Zoning ordinances are the primary tool for implementing the comprehensive plan. Courts may invalidate zoning changes that are inconsistent with the adopted comprehensive plan because zoning must serve the community's welfare as expressed in its plan.