How does Milvus handle metadata filtering?

Milvus supports scalar filtering with boolean expressions over non-vector fields like strings, integers, and floats. Fields must be declared in the collection schema with appropriate types, and can have scalar indexes created on them for faster filtering. Queries combine a vector search with filter expressions using standard comparison and logical operators. Milvus applies filters during or before vector search depending on the index and filter selectivity, similar to other vector databases, and supports arrays, JSON fields, and nested property access.