What is ransomware and how should organizations prepare for it?

Ransomware is malware that encrypts files or locks systems and demands payment, typically in cryptocurrency, for the decryption key. Modern ransomware often includes double extortion, where attackers also steal data and threaten to publish it if payment is not made. Preparation includes maintaining offline backups tested regularly for restoration, implementing network segmentation to limit lateral movement, deploying endpoint detection and response tools, keeping systems patched, training users to recognize phishing, and developing an incident response plan specifically for ransomware. ---