Why are MAOIs rarely prescribed and what dietary restrictions do they require?

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs, like phenelzine and tranylcypromine are effective antidepressants that block the enzyme monoamine oxidase, increasing levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. They are rarely prescribed because they require strict dietary restrictions. Patients must avoid foods high in tyramine, including aged cheeses, cured meats, fermented foods, soy sauce, and draft beer.