What are extrapyramidal symptoms and which medications cause them?

Extrapyramidal symptoms, or EPS, are movement disorders caused by dopamine blockade in the basal ganglia, most commonly from typical antipsychotics. They include acute dystonia presenting as sustained muscle contractions, akathisia presenting as restlessness and inability to sit still, parkinsonism presenting as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, and tardive dyskinesia presenting as involuntary repetitive movements of the face and tongue. Acute dystonia and akathisia appear early in treatment, while tardive dyskinesia develops after months to years of use and may be irreversible.